4 19 - Acceleration4 -

is the proper time. In standard inertial coordinates, proper acceleration is the rate of change of proper velocity with respect to coordinate time.

Aμ=dUμdτcap A raised to the mu power equals the fraction with numerator d cap U raised to the mu power and denominator d tau end-fraction Uμcap U raised to the mu power is the four-velocity and 4 19 - Acceleration4

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