: How suppressors, muzzle brakes, and compensators interact with these gases to reduce recoil or sound. 3. External Ballistics
: How different materials (steel, concrete, ballistic gelatin) react to impact. Ballistics: Theory and Design of Guns and Ammun...
: The chemistry of gunpowder, burn rates, and how chemical energy converts to kinetic energy. : How suppressors, muzzle brakes, and compensators interact
: Mathematical models used to predict the effectiveness of a specific round against a specific armor or target. : The chemistry of gunpowder, burn rates, and
The final stage analyzes the interaction between the projectile and its target.
This covers the projectile's flight through the atmosphere. The text utilizes complex physics to predict trajectories: : Drag coefficients ( Cdcap C sub d ), lift, and the effects of air density.
This describes the short, complex period when the projectile emerges from the muzzle and is still influenced by the escaping high-pressure gases (the "muzzle blast"). : The visible byproducts of combustion.