Locating

: If EM is ineffective (e.g., for non-conductive plastic pipes), locators may use Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) or Acoustic Locating .

: This is the most common method. It involves a transmitter that sends a frequency down a conductive line and a receiver that detects the signal above ground. locating

: Active locating uses a transmitter to follow a specific route, while passive locating detects existing fields from live power lines. 3. Documentation and Marking : If EM is ineffective (e