: High-level gangsters frequently operate through legitimate business fronts. They use shell companies to bid on public construction projects, infiltrate labor unions, and manipulate stock markets.
: High-ranking modern gangsters often hold advanced degrees in finance or law. They operate with strict P&L (profit and loss) mentalities, viewing violence as a last-resort disruptor of business rather than a primary tool of enforcement.
To combat a boundaryless, digital underworld, policing has had to undergo its own revolution.