: Oversaw the height of the British Empire and the Industrial Revolution. The role of the Monarchy | The Royal Family

While there have been several "Queens of England," the title most commonly refers to , the longest-reigning monarch in British history. Her 70-year reign (1952–2022) spanned a period of immense global change, from the dawn of the jet age to the rise of the digital era. The Reign of Queen Elizabeth II (1952–2022)

: She was the only person in the UK permitted to drive without a license and did not require a passport for international travel.

: As a constitutional monarch , she was the Head of State but not the Head of Government. Her role was largely symbolic, acting as a national figurehead and serving as Head of the Commonwealth, a group of 54 independent nations. Lesser-Known Personal Features