: Use related words where the consonant is clearly heard (e.g., солнце — солнышко ). Prefixes :

: Used to denote consonant softness at the end or in the middle of words. It is not written in combinations like НЧ, ЧН, ЧК, НЩ, ЩН, РЩ (e.g., мощный, хищник ).

; otherwise, they indicate the softness of the preceding consonant.

: Use -З before voiced consonants and -С before voiceless ones (e.g., разбудить vs. расписание ). Vowels after Sibilants and 'Ц' :